What is the total impedance of four loudspeakers wired in parallel, each with an impedance of 8 ohms?

To find the total impedance of loudspeakers wired in parallel, the formula used is derived from the reciprocal of the sum of the reciprocals of the individual impedances. In this case, with four loudspeakers, each having an impedance of 8 ohms, the calculation is structured as follows:

1. For each loudspeaker with an impedance of ( Z = 8 ) ohms, you take the reciprocal:

( \frac{1}{Z} = \frac{1}{8} ).

2. Since there are four identical loudspeakers, you sum the reciprocals:

( \frac{1}{Z_{total}} = \frac{1}{8} + \frac{1}{8} + \frac{1}{8} + \frac{1}{8} = \frac{4}{8} = \frac{1}{2} ).

3. To find ( Z_{total} ), you take the reciprocal again:

( Z_{total} = \frac{1}{\frac{1}{2}} = 2 ) ohms.

This leads to a total impedance of 2 ohms, confirming that the calculation aligns with the basic principles of